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https://gitee.com/langsisi_admin/serein-flow
synced 2026-03-03 00:00:49 +08:00
323 lines
11 KiB
C#
323 lines
11 KiB
C#
using System.Buffers.Binary;
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using System.IO.Ports;
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namespace Serein.Proto.Modbus
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{
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public class ModbusRtuClient : IModbusClient
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{
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/// <summary>
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/// 消息发送时触发的事件
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/// </summary>
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public Action<byte[]> OnTx { get; set; }
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/// <summary>
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/// 接收到消息时触发的事件
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/// </summary>
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public Action<byte[]> OnRx { get; set; }
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private readonly SerialPort _serialPort;
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private readonly SemaphoreSlim _requestLock = new SemaphoreSlim(1, 1);
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private readonly byte _slaveId;
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private readonly CancellationTokenSource _cts = new();
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public ModbusRtuClient(string portName, int baudRate = 9600, Parity parity = Parity.None, int dataBits = 8, StopBits stopBits = StopBits.One, byte slaveId = 1)
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{
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_slaveId = slaveId;
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_serialPort = new SerialPort(portName, baudRate, parity, dataBits, stopBits)
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{
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ReadTimeout = 1000,
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WriteTimeout = 1000
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};
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_serialPort.Open();
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}
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#region 功能码封装
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public async Task<bool[]> ReadCoils(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
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{
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var pdu = BuildReadPdu(startAddress, quantity);
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var response = await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.ReadCoils, pdu);
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return ParseDiscreteBits(response, quantity);
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}
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public async Task<bool[]> ReadDiscreteInputs(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
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{
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var pdu = BuildReadPdu(startAddress, quantity);
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var response = await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.ReadDiscreteInputs, pdu);
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return ParseDiscreteBits(response, quantity);
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}
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public async Task<ushort[]> ReadHoldingRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
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{
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var pdu = BuildReadPdu(startAddress, quantity);
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var response = await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.ReadHoldingRegisters, pdu);
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return ParseRegisters(response, quantity);
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}
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public async Task<ushort[]> ReadInputRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
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{
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var pdu = BuildReadPdu(startAddress, quantity);
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var response = await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.ReadInputRegisters, pdu);
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return ParseRegisters(response, quantity);
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}
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public async Task WriteSingleCoil(ushort address, bool value)
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{
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var pdu = new byte[]
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{
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(byte)(address >> 8),
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(byte)(address & 0xFF),
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value ? (byte)0xFF : (byte)0x00,
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0x00
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};
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await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.WriteSingleCoil, pdu);
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}
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public async Task WriteSingleRegister(ushort address, ushort value)
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{
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var pdu = new byte[]
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{
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(byte)(address >> 8),
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(byte)(address & 0xFF),
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(byte)(value >> 8),
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(byte)(value & 0xFF)
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};
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await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.WriteSingleRegister, pdu);
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}
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public async Task WriteMultipleCoils(ushort startAddress, bool[] values)
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{
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if (values == null || values.Length == 0)
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throw new ArgumentException("values 不能为空");
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int byteCount = (values.Length + 7) / 8; // 需要多少字节
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byte[] coilData = new byte[byteCount];
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for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
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{
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if (values[i])
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coilData[i / 8] |= (byte)(1 << (i % 8)); // 设置对应位
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}
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var pdu = new List<byte>
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{
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(byte)(startAddress >> 8), // 起始地址高字节
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(byte)(startAddress & 0xFF), // 起始地址低字节
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(byte)(values.Length >> 8), // 数量高字节
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(byte)(values.Length & 0xFF), // 数量低字节
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(byte)coilData.Length // 数据字节数
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};
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pdu.AddRange(coilData);
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await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.WriteMultipleCoils, pdu.ToArray());
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}
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public async Task WriteMultipleRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort[] values)
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{
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if (values == null || values.Length == 0)
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throw new ArgumentException("values 不能为空");
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var arrlen = 5 + values.Length * 2;
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var pdu = new byte[arrlen];
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pdu[0] = (byte)(startAddress >> 8); // 起始地址高字节
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pdu[1] = (byte)(startAddress & 0xFF); // 起始地址低字节
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pdu[2] = (byte)(values.Length >> 8); // 寄存器数量高字节
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pdu[3] = (byte)(values.Length & 0xFF); // 寄存器数量低字节
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pdu[4] = (byte)(values.Length * 2); // 数据字节数
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// 添加寄存器数据（每个寄存器 2 字节：高字节在前）
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var index = 5;
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foreach(var val in values)
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{
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pdu[index++] = (byte)(val >> 8);
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pdu[index++] = (byte)(val & 0xFF);
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}
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/* var pdu = new List<byte>
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{
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(byte)(startAddress >> 8), // 起始地址高字节
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(byte)(startAddress & 0xFF), // 起始地址低字节
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(byte)(values.Length >> 8), // 寄存器数量高字节
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(byte)(values.Length & 0xFF), // 寄存器数量低字节
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(byte)(values.Length * 2) // 数据字节数
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};
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foreach (var val in values)
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{
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pdu.Add((byte)(val >> 8));
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pdu.Add((byte)(val & 0xFF));
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}*/
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await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.WriteMultipleRegister, pdu);
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}
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#endregion
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#region 核心通信
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public async Task<byte[]> SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode functionCode, byte[] pdu)
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{
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await _requestLock.WaitAsync();
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try
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{
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// 构造 RTU 帧
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byte[] frame = BuildFrame(_slaveId, (byte)functionCode, pdu);
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OnTx?.Invoke(frame); // 触发发送日志
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await _serialPort.BaseStream.WriteAsync(frame, 0, frame.Length, _cts.Token);
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await _serialPort.BaseStream.FlushAsync(_cts.Token);
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// 接收响应
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var response = await ReceiveResponseAsync();
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OnRx?.Invoke(response); // 触发接收日志
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// 检查功能码是否异常响应
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if ((response[1] & 0x80) != 0)
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{
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byte exceptionCode = response[2];
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throw new ModbusException(response[1], exceptionCode);
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}
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return response;
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}
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finally
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{
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_requestLock.Release();
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}
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}
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/// <summary>
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/// 接收响应
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/// </summary>
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private async Task<byte[]> ReceiveResponseAsync()
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{
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var buffer = new byte[256];
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int offset = 0;
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while (true)
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{
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int read = await _serialPort.BaseStream.ReadAsync(buffer, offset, buffer.Length - offset, _cts.Token);
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offset += read;
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// 最小RTU帧：地址(1) + 功能码(1) + 数据(N) + CRC(2)
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if (offset >= 5)
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{
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int frameLength = offset;
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if (!ValidateCrc(buffer, 0, frameLength))
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throw new IOException("CRC 校验失败");
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byte[] response = new byte[frameLength - 2];
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Array.Copy(buffer, 0, response, 0, frameLength - 2);
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return response;
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}
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}
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}
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private byte[] BuildFrame(byte slaveAddr, byte functionCode, byte[] pdu)
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{
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var frame = new byte[2 + pdu.Length + 2]; // 地址 + 功能码 + PDU + CRC
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frame[0] = slaveAddr;
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frame[1] = functionCode;
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Array.Copy(pdu, 0, frame, 2, pdu.Length);
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ushort crc = Crc16(frame, 0, frame.Length - 2);
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frame[frame.Length - 2] = (byte)(crc & 0xFF);
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frame[frame.Length - 1] = (byte)(crc >> 8);
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return frame;
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}
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private static bool ValidateCrc(byte[] buffer, int offset, int length)
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{
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ushort crcCalc = Crc16(buffer, offset, length - 2);
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ushort crcRecv = (ushort)(buffer[length - 2] | (buffer[length - 1] << 8));
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return crcCalc == crcRecv;
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}
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#endregion
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#region PDU与解析
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private byte[] BuildReadPdu(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
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{
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byte[] buffer = new byte[4];
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BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt16BigEndian(buffer.AsSpan(0, 2), startAddress); // 起始地址高低字节
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BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt16BigEndian(buffer.AsSpan(2, 2), quantity); // 读取数量高低字节
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return buffer;
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}
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private bool[] ParseDiscreteBits(byte[] pdu, ushort count)
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{
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int byteCount = pdu[2]; // 第2字节是后续的字节数量
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int dataIndex = 3; // 数据从第3字节开始（0-based）
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var result = new bool[count];
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for (int i = 0, bytePos = 0, bitPos = 0; i < count; i++, bitPos++)
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{
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if (bitPos == 8)
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{
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bitPos = 0;
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bytePos++;
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}
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result[i] = ((pdu[dataIndex + bytePos] >> bitPos) & 0x01) != 0;
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}
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return result;
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}
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private ushort[] ParseRegisters(byte[] pdu, ushort count)
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{
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var result = new ushort[count];
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int dataStart = 3; // 数据从第3字节开始
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for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
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{
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int offset = dataStart + i * 2;
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result[i] = (ushort)((pdu[offset] << 8) | pdu[offset + 1]);
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}
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return result;
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}
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#endregion
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#region CRC16
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private static ushort Crc16(byte[] data, int offset, int length)
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{
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const ushort polynomial = 0xA001;
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ushort crc = 0xFFFF;
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for (int i = offset; i < offset + length; i++)
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{
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crc ^= data[i];
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for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
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{
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if ((crc & 0x0001) != 0)
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crc = (ushort)((crc >> 1) ^ polynomial);
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else
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crc >>= 1;
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}
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}
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return crc;
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}
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#endregion
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public void Dispose()
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{
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_cts.Cancel();
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_serialPort?.Close();
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}
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}
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}
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