Files
serein-flow/Serein.Proto.Modbus/ModbusTcpClient.cs

429 lines
15 KiB
C#
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters
This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.
using System.Buffers.Binary;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading.Channels;
namespace Serein.Proto.Modbus
{
/// <summary>
/// Modbus TCP 客户端
/// </summary>
public class ModbusTcpClient : IModbusClient
{
/// <summary>
/// 消息发送时触发的事件
/// </summary>
public Action<byte[]> OnTx { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 接收到消息时触发的事件
/// </summary>
public Action<byte[]> OnRx { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 消息通道
/// </summary>
private readonly Channel<ModbusTcpRequest> _channel = Channel.CreateUnbounded<ModbusTcpRequest>();
/// <summary>
/// TCP客户端
/// </summary>
private readonly TcpClient _tcpClient;
/// <summary>
/// TCP客户端的网络流用于发送和接收数据
/// </summary>
private readonly NetworkStream _stream;
/// <summary>
/// 存储未完成请求的字典键为事务ID值为任务完成源
/// </summary>
private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<ushort, TaskCompletionSource<byte[]>> _pendingRequests = new();
/// <summary>
/// 事务ID计数器用于生成唯一的事务ID
/// </summary>
private int _transactionId = 0;
public ModbusTcpClient(string host, int port = 502)
{
_tcpClient = new TcpClient();
_tcpClient.Connect(host, port);
_stream = _tcpClient.GetStream();
_ = ProcessQueueAsync(); // 启动后台消费者
_ = ReceiveLoopAsync(); // 启动接收响应线程
}
#region
/// <summary>
/// 读取线圈状态
/// </summary>
/// <param name="startAddress"></param>
/// <param name="quantity"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task<bool[]> ReadCoils(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
{
var pdu = BuildReadPdu(startAddress, quantity);
var responsePdu = await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.ReadCoils, pdu);
return ParseDiscreteBits(responsePdu, quantity);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取离散输入状态
/// </summary>
/// <param name="startAddress"></param>
/// <param name="quantity"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task<bool[]> ReadDiscreteInputs(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
{
var pdu = BuildReadPdu(startAddress, quantity);
var responsePdu = await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.ReadDiscreteInputs, pdu);
return ParseDiscreteBits(responsePdu, quantity);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取保持寄存器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="startAddress"></param>
/// <param name="quantity"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task<ushort[]> ReadHoldingRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
{
var pdu = BuildReadPdu(startAddress, quantity);
var responsePdu = await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.ReadHoldingRegisters, pdu);
return ParseRegisters(responsePdu, quantity);
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取输入寄存器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="startAddress"></param>
/// <param name="quantity"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task<ushort[]> ReadInputRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
{
var pdu = BuildReadPdu(startAddress, quantity);
var responsePdu = await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.ReadInputRegisters, pdu);
return ParseRegisters(responsePdu, quantity);
}
/// <summary>
/// 写单个线圈
/// </summary>
/// <param name="address"></param>
/// <param name="value"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task WriteSingleCoil(ushort address, bool value)
{
var pdu = new byte[]
{
(byte)(address >> 8), // 地址高字节
(byte)(address & 0xFF), // 地址低字节
value ? (byte)0xFF : (byte)0x00, // 线圈值高字节高电平为0xFF低电平为00
0x00 // 线圈值低字节
};
await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.WriteSingleCoil, pdu);
}
/// <summary>
/// 写单个寄存器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="address"></param>
/// <param name="value"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task WriteSingleRegister(ushort address, ushort value)
{
var pdu = new byte[]
{
(byte)(address >> 8), // 地址高字节
(byte)(address & 0xFF), // 地址低字节
(byte)(value >> 8), // 寄存器值高字节
(byte)(value & 0xFF) // 寄存器值低字节
};
await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.WriteSingleRegister, pdu);
}
/// <summary>
/// 写多个线圈
/// </summary>
/// <param name="startAddress"></param>
/// <param name="values"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task WriteMultipleCoils(ushort startAddress, bool[] values)
{
int byteCount = (values.Length + 7) / 8; // 计算需要的字节数
byte[] data = new byte[byteCount];
for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)
{
if (values[i])
data[i / 8] |= (byte)(1 << (i % 8)); // 设置对应位
}
var pdu = new List<byte>
{
(byte)(startAddress >> 8), // 地址高字节
(byte)(startAddress & 0xFF), // 地址低字节
(byte)(values.Length >> 8), // 数量高字节
(byte)(values.Length & 0xFF), // 数量低字节
(byte)data.Length // 字节数
};
pdu.AddRange(data);
await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.WriteMultipleCoils, pdu.ToArray());
}
/// <summary>
/// 写多个寄存器
/// </summary>
/// <param name="startAddress"></param>
/// <param name="values"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public async Task WriteMultipleRegisters(ushort startAddress, ushort[] values)
{
var pdu = new List<byte>
{
(byte)(startAddress >> 8), // 地址高字节
(byte)(startAddress & 0xFF), // 地址低字节
(byte)(values.Length >> 8), // 数量高字节
(byte)(values.Length & 0xFF), // 数量低字节
(byte)(values.Length * 2) // 字节数
};
foreach (var val in values)
{
pdu.Add((byte)(val >> 8)); // 寄存器值高字节
pdu.Add((byte)(val & 0xFF)); // 寄存器值低字节
}
await SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode.WriteMultipleRegister, pdu.ToArray());
}
/// <summary>
/// 构建读取PDU数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="startAddress"></param>
/// <param name="quantity"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private byte[] BuildReadPdu(ushort startAddress, ushort quantity)
{
byte[] buffer = new byte[4];
BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt16BigEndian(buffer.AsSpan(0, 2), startAddress); // 起始地址高低字节
BinaryPrimitives.WriteUInt16BigEndian(buffer.AsSpan(2, 2), quantity); // 读取数量高低字节
return buffer;
}
/// <summary>
/// 解析离散位数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pdu"></param>
/// <param name="count"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private bool[] ParseDiscreteBits(byte[] pdu, ushort count)
{
int byteCount = pdu[2]; // 第2字节是后续的字节数量
int dataIndex = 3; // 数据从第3字节开始0-based
var result = new bool[count];
for (int i = 0, bytePos = 0, bitPos = 0; i < count; i++, bitPos++)
{
if (bitPos == 8)
{
bitPos = 0;
bytePos++;
}
result[i] = ((pdu[dataIndex + bytePos] >> bitPos) & 0x01) != 0;
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// 解析寄存器数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pdu"></param>
/// <param name="count"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private ushort[] ParseRegisters(byte[] pdu, ushort count)
{
var result = new ushort[count];
int dataStart = 3; // 数据从第3字节开始
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
int offset = dataStart + i * 2;
result[i] = (ushort)((pdu[offset] << 8) | pdu[offset + 1]);
}
return result;
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 处理消息队列,发送请求到服务器
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private async Task ProcessQueueAsync()
{
while (_tcpClient.Connected)
{
var request = await _channel.Reader.ReadAsync();
byte[] packet = BuildPacket(request.TransactionId, 0x01, (byte)request.FunctionCode, request.PDU);
OnTx?.Invoke(packet); // 触发发送日志
await _stream.WriteAsync(packet, 0, packet.Length);
await _stream.FlushAsync();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送请求并等待响应
/// </summary>
/// <param name="functionCode">功能码</param>
/// <param name="pdu">内容</param>
/// <param name="timeout">超时时间</param>
/// <param name="maxRetries">最大重发次数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
/// <exception cref="TimeoutException"></exception>
public Task<byte[]> SendAsync(ModbusFunctionCode functionCode, byte[] pdu)
{
int id = Interlocked.Increment(ref _transactionId);
var transactionId = (ushort)(id % ushort.MaxValue); // 0~65535 循环
var tcs = new TaskCompletionSource<byte[]>(TaskCreationOptions.RunContinuationsAsynchronously);
var request = new ModbusTcpRequest
{
TransactionId = transactionId,
FunctionCode = functionCode,
PDU = pdu,
Completion = tcs
};
_pendingRequests[transactionId] = tcs;
_channel.Writer.TryWrite(request);
return tcs.Task;
}
/// <summary>
/// 接收数据循环
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private async Task ReceiveLoopAsync()
{
var buffer = new byte[1024];
while (true)
{
int len = await _stream.ReadAsync(buffer, 0, buffer.Length).ConfigureAwait(false);
//int len = await _stream.ReadAsync(buffer.AsMemory(0, buffer.Length)).ConfigureAwait(false);
if (len == 0) return; // 连接关闭
if (len < 6)
{
Console.WriteLine("接收到的数据长度不足");
return;
}
ushort protocolId = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt16BigEndian(buffer.AsSpan(2, 2));
if (protocolId != 0x0000)
{
Console.WriteLine($"协议不匹配: {protocolId:X4}");
return;
}
ushort dataLength = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt16BigEndian(buffer.AsSpan(4, 2));
// 检查数据长度是否合法
if (dataLength > 253 || len < 6 + dataLength)
{
Console.WriteLine($"数据长度异常: dataLength={dataLength}, 实际接收={len}");
return;
}
ushort transactionId = BinaryPrimitives.ReadUInt16BigEndian(buffer.AsSpan(0, 2));
if (_pendingRequests.TryRemove(transactionId, out var tcs))
{
var responsePdu = new ReadOnlySpan<byte>(buffer, 6, dataLength).ToArray();
if (OnRx is not null)
{
var packet = new ReadOnlySpan<byte>(buffer, 0, 6 + dataLength).ToArray();
OnRx?.Invoke(packet); // 触发接收日志
}
// 检查是否异常响应
if ((responsePdu[1] & 0x80) != 0)
{
byte exceptionCode = responsePdu[2];
tcs.SetException(new ModbusException(responsePdu[1], exceptionCode));
}
else
{
tcs.SetResult(responsePdu);
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"未匹配到 TransactionId={transactionId} 的请求");
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 构造 Modbus Tcp 报文
/// </summary>
/// <param name="transactionId"></param>
/// <param name="unitId"></param>
/// <param name="functionCode"></param>
/// <param name="pduData"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private byte[] BuildPacket(ushort transactionId, byte unitId, byte functionCode, byte[] pduData)
{
int pduLength = 1 + pduData.Length; // PDU 长度 = 功能码1字节 + 数据长度
int totalLength = 7 + pduLength; // MBAP头长度 = 7字节 + PDU长度
Span<byte> packet = totalLength <= 256 ? stackalloc byte[totalLength] : new byte[totalLength];
// 写入事务ID大端序
packet[0] = (byte)(transactionId >> 8);
packet[1] = (byte)(transactionId);
// 协议ID固定0x0000
packet[2] = 0;
packet[3] = 0;
// 长度PDU长度 + 1字节UnitID
ushort length = (ushort)(pduLength + 1);
packet[4] = (byte)(length >> 8);
packet[5] = (byte)(length);
// UnitID & 功能码
packet[6] = unitId;
packet[7] = functionCode;
// 复制PDU数据
pduData.AsSpan().CopyTo(packet.Slice(8));
return packet.ToArray();
}
public void Dispose()
{
var tcs = _pendingRequests.Values.ToArray();
foreach (var pending in tcs)
{
pending.TrySetCanceled();
}
_stream?.Close();
_tcpClient?.Close();
}
}
}